Shared Decision Making

Principles of Shared Decision Making

1. Patient-Centered Care:
   • Focus on the patient’s values, preferences, and needs.
   • Respect the patient’s right to be involved in their own healthcare decisions.
2. Collaboration:
   • Foster a partnership between the patient and healthcare provider.
   • Encourage open communication and mutual respect.
3. Evidence-Based Information:
   • Provide patients with clear, accurate, and relevant information about their options.
   • Discuss the risks, benefits, and uncertainties associated with each option.
4. Informed Choice:
   • Ensure that patients have the information they need to make informed decisions.
   • Support patients in understanding their options and the potential outcomes.

Steps in the Shared Decision Making Process

1. Introduce the Concept:
   • Explain to the patient that their preferences and values are important in making healthcare decisions.
   • Emphasize that you are there to support them in making the best decision for their individual situation.
2. Discuss Options:
   • Present all relevant treatment or management options.
   • Use simple, jargon-free language to ensure understanding.
3. Describe Risks and Benefits:
   • Provide balanced information about the risks and benefits of each option.
   • Use visual aids or decision aids to help explain complex information.
4. Explore Patient Preferences:
   • Ask about the patient’s values, preferences, and concerns.
   • Listen actively and validate their feelings and perspectives.
5. Make a Decision Together:
   • Review the options and information with the patient.
   • Reach a decision collaboratively, ensuring the patient feels confident and comfortable with the chosen plan.
6. Implement the Decision:
   • Develop a plan to put the decision into action.
   • Arrange for follow-up to monitor progress and address any issues that arise.

Facilitating Effective Shared Decision Making Conversations

1. Effective Communication:
   • Use open-ended questions to explore the patient’s views.
   • Practice active listening to understand the patient’s perspective.
   • Summarize information and check for understanding.
2. Empathy and Support:
   • Show empathy and provide emotional support throughout the decision-making process.
   • Acknowledge the patient’s feelings and provide reassurance.
3. Decision Aids and Tools:
   • Utilize decision aids (e.g., pamphlets, websites, videos) to present information clearly.
   • Use visual aids (e.g., charts, diagrams) to help patients understand their options.
4. Building Trust:
   • Develop a trusting relationship with the patient.
   • Be honest and transparent about uncertainties and limitations.

Incorporating Shared Decision Making into Clinical Practice

1. Training and Education:
   • Participate in training programs to develop SDM skills.
   • Stay updated with the latest research and best practices in SDM.
2. Creating a Supportive Environment:
   • Foster a clinic culture that values and supports SDM.
   • Ensure that all staff members are trained and committed to the SDM process.
3. Integrating SDM into Workflow:
   • Allocate sufficient time for SDM conversations during appointments.
   • Use checklists and templates to guide the SDM process.
4. Evaluating and Improving SDM Practices:
   • Gather feedback from patients about their SDM experiences.
   • Continuously evaluate and refine SDM practices to enhance patient care.